Low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant and preparation method and application thereof

ABSTRACT

The invention belongs to the technical field of low dielectric resin compositions, and discloses a low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant and a prepreg, resin film, laminate and printed circuit board prepared therefrom. The composition comprises the following components: (A) phosphorus-containing flame retardant; (B) vinyl compound. The phosphorus-containing flame retardant has a structure as shown in formula (I). 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     In the present invention, diphenylphosphine oxide is derivatized, and prepared a phosphorus-containing flame retardant, which has no reactive functional groups, has better dielectric properties, and has high melting point, and upon combining with a vinyl compound, a resin composition is obtained, and a laminate having low thermal expansion ratio, high heat resistance, high glass transition temperature, and low dielectric constant and dissipation factor, can be made from the resin composition, and can effectively achieve the flame resistance effect of UL94 V-0 without using halogen-containing flame retardant, and can be used in the preparation of prepregs, resin films, resin coated coppers, flexible resin coated coppers, laminates and printed circuit boards.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention belongs to the technical field of low dielectric resin compositions, particularly relates to a low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant and the preparation method and the application in preparing prepregs, resin films, resin coated coppers, flexible resin coated coppers, laminates and printed circuit boards.

BACKGROUND ART

Low dielectric resin materials are currently the main direction for developing a laminate with a high transmission rate, wherein the low dissipation factor (also called dielectric loss tangent) and the low dielectric constant are the main indexes for evaluating the low dielectric resin materials, however, the currently available low dielectric resin materials have the defects of environmentally unfriendly effects caused by using the halogen-containing flame retardants, poor flame retardancy caused by using the general phosphorus-containing flame retardants, poor heat resistances of the laminates, high thermal expansion ratios of the laminates, etc.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the shortcomings of environmentally unfriendly effects caused by using the halogen-containing flame retardants and the defects of poor flame retardancy caused by using the currently available phosphorus-containing flame retardants in the prior art described above, the primary object of the present invention is to provide a low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant. The low dielectric resin composition has low dielectric properties and is free of halogen-containing flame retardants, and can effectively achieve the flame resistance effect of UL94 V-0.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the abovementioned low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant.

A further object of the present invention is to provide the use of the abovementioned low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant in preparing prepregs, resin films, resin coated coppers, flexible resin coated coppers, laminates and printed circuit boards.

The objects of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

a low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant, comprises the following components:

(A) phosphorus-containing flame retardant;

(B) vinyl compound.

The phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention has a structure as shown in formula (I):

wherein, A is a covalent bond, C6˜C12 arylene, C3˜C12 cycloalkylene, C6˜C12 cycloalkenylene, methylene or C2˜C12 alkylene;

R₁ and R₂ are the same or different, and are each a H, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkyl, aryl, or silyl, respectively;

R₃ and R₄ are the same or different, and are each a H, hydroxyl, or C1˜C6 alkyl, respectively, or one and only one of R₃ and R₄ forms a carbonyl with a C;

each of n is independently a positive integer of 1˜6.

The phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention preferably has at least one of the structures as shown in the following formulae (II)˜(XV):

wherein, TMS represents trimethylsilyl.

The phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention has a high melting temperature, more than 300° C.

The vinyl compound can be at least one of vinylpolyphenylene ether resin, vinylbenzyl compound resin, polyolefin compound and maleimide resins.

The vinylbenzyl compound resin is a polymer or prepolymer containing a vinylbenzyl structure, such as DP-85T(vinylbenzyl etherified-dicyclopentadiene-phenol resin) from Chin Yee Chemical Industries Ltd.

The vinylpolyphenylene ether resin refers to a vinyl-terminated polyphenylene ether resin.

Preferably, the vinylpolyphenylene ether resin refers to a polyphenylene ether resin having one of the structures of the following formulae (XVI) and (XVII), but not limited thereto:

wherein, —(O—X—O)— refers to

R₅ and R₆ are each a hydrogen atom, R₇, R₈, R₉, R₁₀ and R₁₁ are the same or different, and are each a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl, or halogen-substituted alkyl respectively;

R₁₂, R₁₃, R₁₈ and R₁₉ are the same or different, and are each a halogen atom, C1˜C6 alkyl or phenyl; R₁₄, R₁₅, R₁₆ and R₁₇ are the same or different, and are each a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1˜C6 alkyl or phenyl respectively;

R₂₀, R₂₁, R₂₂, R₂₃, R₂₄, R₂₅, R₂₆ and R₂₇ are the same or different, and are each a halogen atom, C1˜C6 alkyl, phenyl or hydrogen atom; A is a C1˜C20 linear, branched, or cyclic alkylene, preferably —CH₂— or —C(CH₃)₂—;

R₂₈ and R₂₉ are the same or different, and are each a halogen atom, C1˜C6 alkyl or phenyl; R₃₀ and R₃₁ are the same or different, and are each a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1˜C6 alkyl or phenyl;

Z represents an organic group having at least one carbon atom, which group can comprise an oxygen atom, nitrogen atom, sulfur atom and/or halogen atom, for example Z can be a methylene (—CH₂—);

a and b are each a natural number of 1˜30, respectively;

wherein, G is a bisphenol A, bisphenol F or covalent bond; m and n are each a natural number of 1˜15, respectively.

The vinylbenzyl ether polyphenylene ether resin refers to a polyphenylene ether resin having a structure of

More preferably, the vinylpolyphenylene ether resin refers to at least one of methacrylic polyphenylene ether resin (such as the product SA-9000 from Sabic Company), vinylbenzyl ether polyphenylene ether resin (such as the product OPE-2st from Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company) and modified vinylpolyphenylene ether resin (such as PPE/VBE 7205L from Chin Yee Chemical Industries Ltd.).

The vinyl polyphenylene ether resin of the present invention has lower dielectric properties, i.e., lower dielectric constant and dissipation factor, as compared to the polyphenylene ether resin with a difunctional terminal hydroxyl.

The polyolefin compound can be at least one of styrene-butadiene-divinylbenzene copolymer, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-divinylbenzene copolymer, styrene-butadiene-maleic anhydride copolymer, polybutadiene-urethane-methyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, polybutadiene homopolymer, styrene-isoprene-styrene copolymer, maleinized styrene-butadiene copolymer, methylstyrene copolymer, petroleum resin and cyclic olefin copolymer.

There are no particular limitations to the maleimide resin, all of the well-known maleimide resins can be used, the maleimide resin is preferably at least one of the following substances: 4,4′-bismaleimidodiphenyl methane, phenylmethane maleimide oligomer, N,N′-m-phenylene bismaleimide, bisphenol A diphenyl ether bismaleimide, 3,3′-dimethyl-5,5′-diethyl-4,4′-diphenylmethane bismaleimide, N,N′-(4-methyl-1,3-phenylene)bismaleimide, 1,6-bismaleimido-(2,2,4-trimethyl)hexane, 2,3-dimethylphenylmaleimide(N-2,3-xylylmaleimide), 2,6-dimethylphenylmaleimide(N-2,6-xylenemaleimide), N-phenylmaleimide and the prepolymer of the abovementioned compound, such as a prepolymer of a diallyl compound and a maleimide compound.

The low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention is prepared by mixing the phosphorus-containing flame retardant and the vinyl compound.

The phosphorus content in the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention can be adjusted by changing the amount of the phosphorus-containing flame retardant; wherein, the effective flame resistance effect can be achieved, when the phosphorus content in the low dielectric resin composition of the present invention reaches 2 wt %, preferably 2˜3.5 wt %.

The low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention has high glass transition temperature, low dielectric constant, low dissipation factor, and halogen-free flame retardancy, and the laminate prepared therefrom has good characteristics of low thermal expansion ratio of the laminate, etc.

In order to achieve the abovementioned objects, the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention preferably comprises the following components: (A) phosphorus-containing flame retardant; (B) vinylpolyphenylene ether resin; (C) at least one of styrene-butadiene-divinylbenzene copolymer, styrene-butadiene-maleic anhydride copolymer and polybutadiene-urethane-methyl methacrylate copolymer; and (D) maleimide resin.

More preferably, the following components are comprised, in parts by weight: (A) 10˜90 parts of phosphorus-containing flame retardant; (B) 100 parts of vinyl polyphenylene ether resin; (C) 10˜90 parts of at least one of styrene-butadiene-divinylbenzene copolymer, styrene-butadiene-maleic anhydride copolymer and polybutadiene-urethane-methyl methacrylate copolymer; and (D) 10˜90 parts of maleimide resin.

Without affecting the effects of the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention, at least one of the following additives can be further comprised: curing accelerator, solvent, crosslinking agent, silane coupling agent, and inorganic filler.

Without affecting the effects of the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention, one or more curing accelerators can be selectively added to promote the curing rate of the resin. Any of the curing accelerators, which can increase the curing rate of the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention, can be used. The preferred curing accelerator is a curing accelerator comprising a free radical-generating peroxide, including, but not limited to: dicumyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate and di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene.

More preferably is di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene.

The silane coupling agent can be at least one of the silane compounds and the siloxane compounds.

Preferably, the silane coupling agent is at least one of amino silane compound, amino siloxane compound, styryl silane compound, styryl siloxane compound, acrylic silane compound, acrylic siloxane compound, methylacrylic silane compound, methylacrylic siloxane compound, alkyl silane compound and alkyl siloxane compound.

The solvent can be at least one of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, acetone, butanone, methylisobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, toluene, xylene, methoxyethyl acetate, ethoxyethyl acetate, propoxyethyl acetate, ethyl acetate, dimethyl formamide, propylene glycol methyl ether, γ-butyrolactone (GBL) and diisobutyl ketone (DIBK).

The key role of the addition of the inorganic filler is to increase the thermal conductivity of the resin composition, improve the properties of thermal expansivity, mechanical strength, etc., and preferably the inorganic filler is uniformly distributed in the resin composition.

Preferably, the inorganic filler can comprise at least one of silicon dioxide (spherical, fused, non-fused, porous, or hollow type), aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, aluminum silicon carbide, silicon carbide, sodium carbonate, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, quartz, diamond powder, diamond-like powder, graphite, magnesium carbonate, potassium titanate, ceramic fiber, mica, boehmite, zinc molybdate, ammonium molybdate, zinc borate, calcium phosphate, calcined talc, talc, silicon nitride, mullite, calcined kaolin clay, clay, basic magnesium sulfate whisker, mullite whisker, barium sulfate, magnesium hydroxide whisker, magnesium oxide whisker, calcium oxide whisker, carbon nanotube, nanosize silicon dioxide and inorganic powder related therewith, and powder particle with the outer shell of the organic core modified with an insulator. And the inorganic filler can be in a spherical, fibrous, plate, granular, flake or needle whisker form.

The low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention can be used in preparing prepregs, resin films, resin coated coppers, flexible resin coated coppers, laminates and printed circuit boards.

The low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant is dissolved in a solvent, and made into a resin varnish, then adhered onto an reinforcing material in an impregnation or coating means, or the like, and formed into a semi-cured state through heating at a high temperature, thus obtaining a prepreg. Among them, the reinforcing material can be fiber material, woven and nonwoven, such as glass fiber cloth, etc., which can increase the mechanical strength of the prepreg. Moreover, the reinforcing material can be selectively pretreated with a silane coupling agent. The prepreg has the properties of high glass transition temperature, low dielectric properties, halogen-free flame retardancy, low thermal expansion ratio of the laminate, etc.

The abovementioned prepreg can be cured and formed a cured sheet or cured insulating layer through heating at a high temperature or heating at a high temperature and under a high pressure, wherein if the resin composition contains a solvent, the solvent will be removed via volatilization during heating at a high temperature.

The abovementioned resin varnish of the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant is coated onto a substrate, then baked and heated, thus preparing a resin film, resin coated copper (RCC) or flexible resin coated copper (FRCC). The resin film, resin coated copper or flexible resin coated copper has the properties of high glass transition temperature, low dielectric properties, halogen-free flame retardancy, low thermal expansion ratio of the laminate, etc.

The substrate used can be one of PET film (polyester film), PI film (polyimide film), copper, or resin coated copper (RCC).

When the resin coated copper is used as a substrate, the varnish is coated onto the adhesive surface of the resin coated copper (non-copper layer), thus obtaining a flexible resin coated copper.

The prepreg, resin film, resin coated copper, or flexible resin coated copper made from the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant described above are superimposed and laminated with metal foils, and formed a laminate, such as copper clad laminate, which has the properties of high glass transition temperature, low dielectric properties, halogen-free flame retardancy, low thermal expansion ratio of the laminate, etc., and are particularly suitable for the high speed and high frequency signal transmission circuit board. The laminate comprises two or more layers of metal foil and at least one layer of prepreg, resin film, resin coated copper, or flexible resin coated copper interposed therebetween. Among them, the metal foil, such as copper foil, can further comprise an metal alloy of at least one of aluminum, nickel, platinum, silver, gold, etc., the insulating layer, i.e., the resin layer (non-copper layer) of the abovementioned prepreg, resin film, resin coated copper or flexible resin coated copper, is formed by curing at a high temperature and under a high pressure, for example, by superimposing the abovementioned prepregs between the two layers of metal foils and laminating at a high temperature and under a high pressure.

The laminate of the present invention is carried out a further manufacturing process, such as manufacturing circuit, etc., then a printed circuit board can be obtained, and the printed circuit board is engaged with the electric components, then operated in a harsh environment, such as at a high temperature, under a high humidity, etc., without affecting its quality. The printed circuit board has the properties of high glass transition temperature, low dielectric properties, halogen-free flame retardancy, low thermal expansion ratio of the laminate, etc., and is suitable for high speed and high frequency signal transmission. Among them, the printed circuit board comprises at least one of the abovementioned laminates, and the printed circuit board can be made from the well-known processes in the art.

The mechanism of the present invention is:

In the present invention, the diphenylphosphine oxide is derivatized, and prepared a phosphorus-containing flame retardant, which has no reactive functional groups, and has better dielectric properties, as compared to the general phosphorus-containing resin, which has excessively high dielectric properties due to having polar groups, for example the phosphorus-containing phenolic resin currently widely used in the art, such as DOPO-bisphenol A phenolic novolac resin (DOPO-BPAN) (XZ92741 from DOW chemical), having a hydroxyl group, which is a polar functional group and can cause the excessively high dielectric properties; and the melting point of the phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention is high (more than 300° C.), which is much higher than those of the low melting point nonreactive phosphorus-containing flame retardants currently widely used in the art, such as phosphazene compound (SPB-100 from Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd., with a melting point of about 110° C.) and phosphate compounds (PX-200 from Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., with a melting point of about 105° C.), and when the phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention is used in combination with the vinyl compound, a laminate having low thermal expansion ratio, high heat resistance, high glass transition temperature and low dielectric constant and dissipation factor, can be prepared.

As compared to the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) the phosphorus-containing flame retardant in the low dielectric resin composition components with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention, does not contain the reactive functional groups, and does not react in the reaction, thus having better dielectric properties.

(2) the phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention has a high melting point (more than 300° C.), when it is used in combination with the vinyl compound, a laminate having low thermal expansion ratio, high heat resistance, high glass transition temperature, and low dielectric constant and dissipation factor, can be prepared.

(3) the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention, can effectively achieve the flame resistance effect of UL94 V-0, without using the halogen-containing flame retardant.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis) diagram of the phosphorus-containing flame retardant prepared in the example 1

FIG. 2 is a DSC melting point diagram of the phosphorus-containing flame retardant prepared in example 1

FIG. 3 is a FTIR spectrogram of DPPO.

FIG. 4 is a FTIR spectrogram of the phosphorus-containing flame retardant prepared in example 1.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Hereinafter the present invention is further described in detail in combination with the examples and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

The chemical names used in the following examples are as follows:

DPPO: diphenylphosphine oxide, purchased from Eumate International Corp.

SA-9000: methylacrylate-terminated bisphenol A polyphenylene ether resin, purchased from Sabic Company.

OPE-2st: vinylbenzyl ether-terminated diphenyl polyphenylene ether resin, purchased from Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company.

Ricon184Ma6: styrene-butadiene-maleic anhydride copolymer, purchased from Cray Valley Company.

Ricon257: styrene-butadiene-divinylbenzene copolymer, purchased from Cray Valley Company.

Homide108: phenylmethane maleimide, purchased from Hos-Technik Company.

SPB-100: phosphazene compound, purchased from Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.

PX-200: resorcinol bis[di(2,6-dimethylphenyl)phosphate], purchased from Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.

XZ92741: DOPO-bisphenol A phenolic novolac resin, purchased from Dow chemical.

DCP: dicumyl peroxide, purchased from Eumate International Corp.

R-45vt: polybutadiene-urethane-methyl methacrylate, purchased from Cray Valley Company.

SQ-5500: spherical silicon dioxide treated with alkyl siloxane compound, purchased from Admatechs Company.

DP-85T: vinylbenzyl etherified-dicyclopentadiene-phenol resin, purchased from Chin Yee Chemical Industries Ltd.

PPE/VBE 7205L: modified vinyl polyphenylene ether, purchased from Chin Yee Chemical Industries Ltd.

Example 1 Preparation of Phosphorus-Containing Flame Retardant of Formula (III)

206 g of DPPO (Diphenylphosphine Oxide), 90 g of dichloro-p-xylene, and 1200 g of 1,2-dichlorobenzene were stirred and mixed, then heated and reacted for 12 to 24 hours at 160° C. under nitrogen atmosphere, cooled down to the ambient temperature and filtrated, dried in vacuum, thus obtaining Compound A as shown in formula (III), as a white powder, with a phosphorus content in the compound A of about 12%.

Analysis: the Td value measured from the TGA test was: 379° C. (at 5% decomposition, the results shown in FIG. 1); the melting point measured from the DSC test was 334° C. (the results shown in FIG. 2), whereas in the prior art, the melting point of the phosphazene compound (SPB-100) was 110° C., the melting point of the condensed phosphate (PX-200) was 105° C., and the phosphorus-containing phenolic novolac resin, such as DOPO-bisphenol A phenolic novolac resin, was a liquid resin at the ambient temperature. Therefore, the phosphorus-containing flame retardant prepared in the present invention had a higher melting point.

The DPPO and Compound A were carried out an infrared scanning, and the peak analysis were shown in tables 1˜2 and FIGS. 3˜4, and as shown in the figures, the P-H functional group of the DPPO had a peak at 2300 cm⁻¹˜2354 cm⁻¹ on FTIR, which was disappeared in the infrared spectra of the synthesized Compound A, which demonstrated that the object product, Compound A having a structure as shown in formula (III), was prepared successfully.

TABLE 1 The peak analysis of the infrared spectrum of the DPPO No. Position Intensity No. Position Intensity 1 3835.72 45.8092 2 3799.08 45.9235 3 3747.01 45.5569 4 3646.73 43.2362 5 3438.46 33.4289 6 3056.62 41.4701 7 2337.3 43.0893 8 1826.26 48.9266 9 1648.84 44.5571 10 1590.99 45.4855 11 1540.85 49.9950 12 1484.92 48.6728 13 1438.64 34.1160 14 1398.14 51.8242 15 1313.29 51.6502 16 1182.15 28.7802 17 1126.22 31.0794 18 1070.3 49.3251 19 1025.94 52.9918 20 948.806 35.1476 21 921.807 44.3150 22 856.239 57.5654 23 746.317 38.9094 24 721.247 45.3299 25 696.177 30.0476 26 551.542 50.2220 27 524.543 40.5313 28 493.688 46.5779 29 404.978 72.7421

TABLE 2 The peak analysis of the infrared spectrum of Compound A No. Position Intensity No. Position Intensity 1 3442.31 46.5563 2 3073.98 48.3190 3 3056.62 46.5098 4 3010.34 49.4743 5 2935.13 45.9393 6 2888.84 49.9798 7 2354.66 57.9169 8 1965.11 60.7359 9 1920.75 61.5511 10 1897.61 61.3681 11 1824.33 62.7822 12 1776.12 63.8974 13 1670.05 63.3185 14 1590.99 62.1484 15 1509.99 55.2477 16 1484.92 58.2636 17 1436.71 39.4720 18 1403.92 59.0824 19 1336.43 62.2717 20 1317.14 63.9278 21 1236.15 50.0672 22 1195.65 37.3148 23 1182.15 27.7416 24 1132.01 50.5852 25 1118.51 40.1215 26 1068.37 53.9037 27 1029.8 60.6920 28 997.017 61.8595 29 977.733 67.5493 30 921.807 66.9168 31 858.168 35.9386 32 823.455 65.5616 33 786.815 49.2939 34 746.317 41.7239 35 730.889 38.3904 36 713.533 39.0719 37 692.32 31.8651 38 615.181 70.4798 39 559.255 26.8222 40 512.972 27.9870 41 495.616 42.9809 42 447.404 62.9133 43 428.12 72.8920 44 412.692 61.9466

Example 2 Preparation of the Low Dielectric Resin Composition with Phosphorus-Containing Flame Retardant

The relevant components were mixed thoroughly according to the formulations as shown in tables 3˜8, thus obtaining a resin composition of the resin varnish, wherein E represented the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention, and C represented the comparative example.

TABLE 3 The formulation list of the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant (unit: parts by weight) Resin composition Components E1 E2 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 Flame High melting point Compound 35 35 35 35 retardant phosphorus-containing A flame retardant Low melting point SPB-100 35 35 phosphorus-containing flame retardant Condensed phosphate PX-200 35 Hydroxyl-containing XZ92741 35 phosphorus-containing flame retardant Vinyl Vinylbenzylether OPE-2st 100 100 100 100 100 compound polyphenylene ether Methacrylate SA-9000 100 100 100 polyphenylene ether Maleimide Homide108 30 30 Peroxide Peroxide DCP 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Inorganic Spherical silicon SE5500 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 filler dioxide Solvent Toluene 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Butanone 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

TABLE 4 The formulation list of the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant (unit: parts by weight) Resin composition Components E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 Flame High melting point Compound A 35 45 45 45 50 35 retardant phosphorus-containing flame retardant Low melting point SPB-100 phosphorus-containing flame retardant Condensed phosphate PX-200 Hydroxyl-containing XZ92741 phosphorus-containing flame retardant Vinyl Vinylbenzyl ether OPE-2st 100 100 100 100 100 100 compound polyphenylene ether Styrene-polybutadiene- Ricon257 30 15 15 60 divinylbenzene Styrene-polybutadiene- Ricon184MA6 15 15 5 maleic anhydride copolymer Maleimide Homide108 30 Peroxide Peroxide DCP 3 3 3 3 3 3 Inorganic Spherical silicon SE-5500 60 60 60 60 60 60 filler dioxide Solvent Toluene 100 100 100 100 100 100 Butanone 30 30 30 30 30 30

TABLE 5 The formulation list of the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant (unit: parts by weight) Resin composition Components E9 E10 E11 E12 E13 E14 Flame High melting point Compound A 45 45 90 25 70 70 retardant phosphorus-containing flame retardant Low melting point SPB-100 phosphorus-containing flame retardant Condensed phosphate PX-200 Hydroxyl-containing XZ92741 phosphorus-containing flame retardant Vinyl Vinylbenzyl ether OPE-2st 100 100 100 100 100 100 compound polyphenylene ether Styrene-polybutadiene- Ricon257 35 35 divinylbenzene polybutadiene-urethane- R-45vt 15 methyl methacrylate Styrene-polybutadiene- Ricon184MA6 7.5 7.5 maleic anhydride copolymer Maleimide Homide108 50 15 35 35 Peroxide Peroxide DCP 3 3 3 3 3 3 Inorganic Spherical silicon SQ-5500 60 60 60 60 60 60 filler dioxide Solvent Toluene 100 100 100 100 100 100 Butanone 30 30 30 30 30 30

TABLE 6 The formulation list of the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant (unit: parts by weight) Resin composition Components E15 E16 Flame retardant High melting point Compound A 70 70 phosphorus-containing flame retardant Low melting point SPB-100 phosphorus-containing flame retardant Condensed phosphate PX-200 Hydroxyl-containing XZ92741 phosphorus-containing flame retardant Vinyl Vinylbenzyl DP-85T 50 30 compound etherified-dicyclopenta- diene-phenol resin Styrene-polybutadiene- Ricon257 35 30 divinylbenzene Modified PPE/VBE 50 70 vinylpolyphenylene ether 7205L Styrene-polybutadiene- Ricon184MA6 7.5 7.5 maleic anhydride copolymer Maleimide Homide108 35 35 Peroxide Peroxide DCP 3 3 Inorganic filler Spherical silicon dioxide SQ-5500 60 60 Solvent Toluene 100 100 Butanone 30 30

TABLE 7 The formulation list of the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant (unit: parts by weight) Resin composition Components C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 Flame High melting point Compound A 100 20 retardant phosphorus-containing flame retardant Low melting point SPB-100 70 phosphorus-containing flame retardant Condensed phosphate PX-200 70 Hydroxyl-containing XZ92741 70 phosphorus-containing flame retardant Vinyl Vinylbenzyl ether OPE-2st 100 100 100 100 100 compound polyphenylene ether Styrene-polybutadiene- Ricon257 35 35 35 35 divinylbenzene Styrene-polybutadiene- Ricon184MA6 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 maleic anhydride copolymer Maleimide Homide108 35 35 35 35 Peroxide Peroxide DCP 3 3 3 3 3 Inorganic Spherical silicon SQ5500 60 60 60 60 60 filler dioxide Solvent Toluene 100 100 100 100 100 Butanone 30 30 30 30 30

TABLE 8 The formulation list of the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant (unit: parts by weight) Resin composition Components C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 Flame High melting point Compound A 70 70 70 70 70 70 retardant phosphorus-containing flame retardant Low melting point SPB-100 phosphorus-containing flame retardant Condensed phosphate PX-200 Hydroxyl-containing XZ92741 phosphorus-containing flame retardant Vinyl Vinylbenzyl ether OPE-2st 100 100 100 100 100 100 compound polyphenylene ether Styrene-polybutadiene- Ricon257 70 5 35 35 35 35 divinylbenzene Styrene-polybutadiene- Ricon184MA6 7.5 7.5 20 1 7.5 7.5 maleic anhydride copolymer Maleimide Homide108 35 35 35 35 60 10 Peroxide Peroxide DCP 3 3 3 3 3 3 Inorganic Spherical silicon SQ5500 60 60 60 60 60 60 filler dioxide Solvent Toluene 100 100 100 100 100 100 Butanone 30 30 30 30 30 30

The resin composition components in the abovementioned E1˜E16 and C1˜C17 were mixed to homogenous in a stirring tank respectively, then placed into an impregnation tank, and subsequently a glass fiber cloth (2116 glass fiber cloth, purchased from Nan Ya Plastics Corporation) was passed through the abovementioned impregnation tank, to make the resin composition adhered onto the glass fiber cloth, then heated and baked into a semi-cured state, thus obtaining a prepreg.

Four sheets of the prepregs taken from each type of the prepregs prepared above respectively, and two sheets of 18 μm coppers were superimposed in the order of copper foil, four sheets of the prepregs, and copper foil, then laminated in vacuum at 210° C. for 2 hours, thus forming a copper clad laminate, wherein the four sheets of the prepregs were cured and formed an insulating layer between the two sheets of coppers.

The physical properties of the abovementioned copper clad laminates and the copper-free laminates after etching off the copper foil were determined respectively, including the copper-free laminates obtained by laminating four sheets of the prepregs, with a resin content of about 55%, except that the dielectric constants and dissipation factors were determined on the copper-free laminates made from two sheets of prepregs, the other physical properties of the copper-free laminates were all determined on the laminates made from four sheets of the prepregs, and the physical properties to be determined comprised glass transition temperature (Tg, measured on a DMA (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis) instrument, IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.4), heat resistance (T288, measured by TMA (Thermo Mechanical Analyzer), wherein the copper clad laminate was measured for the time that the plate did not burst during heating at 288° C., IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.1), thermal expansion ratio (CTE z-axis, dimension change: 50˜260° C., measured on a TMA Thermo Mechanical Analyzer instrument, IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.5, %, the lower dimension changes representing the better results), copper clad laminate solder dip test (solder dipping, S/D, 288° C., 10 sec, measured the number of heat cycles), dielectric constant (Dk, measured on an AET microwave dielectric analyzer, JIS C2565, the lower Dk values representing the better dielectric properties), dissipation factor (Df, measured on an AET microwave dielectric analyzer, JIS C2565, the lower Df values representing the better dielectric properties), and flame resistance (flaming test, UL94, with the grade rank V-0 being better than V-1).

Among them, the physical property testing results of the laminates prepared from the resin compositions in E1˜E2 and C1˜C6 were listed in table 9, and the physical property testing results of the laminates prepared from the resin compositions in E3˜E16 and C7˜C17 were listed tables 10˜12. Compared the examples with the comparative examples synthetically, it can be seen that as compared those using Compound A with those using the general phosphorus-containing additives, the results showed that the laminates had lower Dk and Df values, and lower thermal expansion ratio (the dimension change in z-axis).

TABLE 9 The performance indexes of the laminate made from the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant Property Test method E1 E2 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 Tg DMA instrument 195 215 185 160 178 205 188 206 (glass transition temperature, IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.4/° C.) CTE Measurements on a 2.1 1.8 3.1 3.4 2.8 2.4 3.1 2.4 (50~260° C.) TMA instrument (thermal mechanical analyzer), IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.5, % T288 At 288° C., heat 64 >70 60 30 15 63 60 68 resistance, IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.1/min S/D Solder dipping test, >20 >20 >20 15 8 >20 >20 >20 288° C., 10 sec, measured the number of heat cycles Dk 10 GHz, AET 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.5 microwave dielectric analyzer, JIS C2565 Df 10 GHz, AET, 0.0048 0.0053 0.0059 0.0055 0.0110 0.0065 0.0065 0.0066 microwave dielectric analyzer, JIS C2565 Flame Burning test UL94 V-0 V-0 V-1 V-2 V-1 V-0 V-0 V-0 resistance

TABLE 10 The performance indexes of the laminate made from the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant Property Test method E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 Tg DMA instrument 195 198 193 210 188 195 230 205 (glass transition temperature, IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.4/° C.) CTE Measurements on a 2.1 2.5 2.5 1.9 2.8 2.3 1.5 2 (50~260° C.) TMA instrument (thermal mechanical analyzer), IPC-TM-650 2 .4.24.5, % T288 At 288° C., heat 61 62 63 >70 55 65 >70 >70 resistance, IPC-TM-650 2 .4.24.1/min S/D Solder dipping test, >20 >20 >20 >20 >20 >20 >20 >20 288° C., 10 sec, measured the number of heat cycles Dk 10 GHz, AET 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.5 microwave dielectric analyzer, JIS C2565 Df 10 GHz, AET 0.0048 0.0045 0.0045 0.0056 0.0043 0.0055 0.0059 0.0058 microwave dielectric analyzer, JIS C2565 Flame Burning test UL94 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 resistance

TABLE 11 The performance indexes of the laminate made from the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant Property Test method E11 E12 E13 E14 E15 E16 C7 C8 Tg DMA instrument 202 195 212 215 210 203 212 185 (glass transition temperature, IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.4/° C.) CTE Measurements on a 2.6 2.5 1.9 1.9 2.5 2.7 1.8 3 (50~260° C.) TMA instrument (thermal mechanical analyzer), IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.5% T288 At 288° C., heat 30 65 >70 >70 >70 >70 >70 64 resistance IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.1/min S/D Solder dipping test, >20 >20 >20 >20 >20 >20 >20 >20 288° C., 10 sec, measured the number of heat cycles Dk 10 GHz, AET 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.8 3.6 microwave dielectric analyzer, JIS C2565 Df 10 GHz, AET 0.0059 0.0051 0.0053 0.0053 0.0052 0.0053 0.0061 0.0051 microwave dielectric analyzer, JIS C2565 Flame Burning test UL94 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 Burn resistance out

TABLE 12 The performance indexes of the laminate made from the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant Property Test method C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 Tg DMA, 180 175 185 155 195 190 196 235 190 IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.4/° C.) CTE IPC-TM-650 3.1 3.1 2.8 3.8 2.2 2.8 2.2 1.5 2.8 (50~260° C.) 2.4.24.5% T288 At 288° C., heat 64 30 15 15 50 55 58 >70 57 resistance IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.1/min S/D Solder dipping >20 >20 15 15 >20 >20 >20 >20 >20 test, 288° C., 10 sec, measured the number of heat cycles Dk 10 GHz, AET 3.7 3.7 4.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.6 microwave dielectric analyzer, JIS C2565 Df 10 GHz, AET 0.0061 0.0058 0.0120 0.0048 0.0059 0.0057 0.0057 0.006 0.0058 microwave dielectric analyzer, JIS C2565 Flame Burning test UL94 V-2 Burn V-1 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 V-0 resistance out

The result analysis:

It can be seen from the data in the abovementioned tables, that as compared with those in C1˜C6, those in E1 and E2 in the present invention substantially had lower dimension changes, and the laminates prepared therefrom had lower thermal expansion ratios. At the same time, the low dielectric resin compositions with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention had excellent heat resistances. As compared E1 and E2 with C1˜C3, it can be seen that the low dielectric resin compositions with the present invention had excellent flame resistances and can effectively achieve the flame resistance effects of UL94 V-0, due to containing the specific phosphorus-containing flame retardants.

As compared the data in E4˜E7 with those in C8˜C12, it can be seen that the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of the present invention further decreased the dissipation factors, obtained better dielectric properties, and made the systems achieved better dielectric properties (the lower dielectric properties representing the better results) due to the addition of the styrene polymer.

As compared the data in E13 and E14 of the present invention with those in C7, it can be seen that the formulation combination, under which the low dielectric resin compositions with phosphorus-containing flame retardants of the present invention had the highest thermal stabilities, and lower thermal expansion ratios and better dielectric properties, was the best formulation.

As described above, the low dielectric resin compositions with phosphorus-containing flame retardants of the present invention, due to containing the specific components and proportions, can achieve low thermal expansion ratios, low dielectric constants, low dissipation factors, high heat resistances and high flame resistances; and can be made into prepregs or resin films, and in turn achieved the purpose for applying in copper clad laminates and printed circuit boards; and in terms of the industrial availability, the requirements on the current market can be fully met by using the products derived from the present invention.

The abovementioned examples are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations and simplifications, all of which shall be the equivalent replacements, without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention, are all encompassed in the scope of protection of the present invention. 

1. A low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant, comprising the following components: (A) phosphorus-containing flame retardant; (B) vinyl compound; wherein, the phosphorus-containing flame retardant has a structure as shown in formula (I):

wherein, A is a covalent bond, C6˜C12 arylene, C3˜C12 cycloalkylene, C6˜C12 cycloalkenylene, methylene or C2˜C12 alkylene; R₁ and R₂ are the same or different, and are each a H, alkyloxy, aryloxy, alkyl, aryl or silyl respectively; R₃ and R₄ are the same or different, and are each a H, hydroxyl, or C1˜C6 alkyl respectively, or one and only one of R₃ and R₄ can forms a carbonyl with a C; each n is independently a positive integer of 1˜6.
 2. A low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of claim 1, wherein the phosphorus-containing flame retardant has at least one of the structures as shown in the following formulae (II)˜(XV):

wherein, TMS represents trimethylsilyl.
 3. A low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of claim 1, wherein the vinyl compound is at least one of vinylpolyphenylene ether resin, vinylbenzyl compound resin, polyolefin compound and maleimide resins.
 4. A low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of claim 3, wherein the vinylpolyphenylene ether resin is the polyphenylene ether resin having one of the structures of the following formulae (XVI) and (XVII):

Wherein, —(O—X—O)— refers to

—(Y—O)— refers to

R₅ and R₆ are hydrogen atom, R₇, R₈, R₉, R₁₀ and R₁₁ are the same or different, and are each a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl or halogen-substituted alkyl respectively; R₁₂, R₁₃, R₁₈ and R₁₉ are the same or different, and are each a halogen atom, C1˜C6 alkyl or phenyl respectively; R₁₄, R₁₅, R₁₆ and R₁₇ are the same of different, and are each a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1˜C6 alkyl or phenyl respectively; R₂₀, R₂₁, R₂₂, R₂₃, R₂₄, R₂₅, R₂₆ and R₂₇ are the same or different, and are each a halogen atom, C1˜C6 alkyl, phenyl or hydrogen atom respectively; A is C1˜C20 linear, branched, or cyclic akylene; R₂₈ and R₂₉ are the same or different, and are each a halogen atom, C1˜C6 alkyl or phenyl respectively; R₃₀ and R₃₁ are the same or different, and are each a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1˜C6 alkyl or phenyl respectively; Z represents an organic group having at least one carbon atom; a and b are each a natural number of 1˜30 respectively; wherein, G is a bisphenol A, bisphenol F or covalent bond; m and n are each a natural number of 1˜15 respectively.
 5. A low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of claim 3, wherein the vinylbenzyl compound resin is vinylbenzyl etherified-dicyclopentadiene-phenol resin; the vinylpolyphenylene ether resin is at least one of methacrylic polyphenylene ether resin, vinylbenzyl ether polyphenylene ether resin and modified vinylpolyphenylene ether resin.
 6. A low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of claim 3, wherein the polyolefin compound is at least one of styrene-butadiene-divinylbenzene copolymer, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-divinylbenzene copolymer, styrene-butadiene-maleic anhydride copolymer, polybutadiene-urethane-methyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, polybutadiene homopolymer, styrene-isoprene-styrene copolymer, maleinized styrene-butadiene copolymer, methyl styrene copolymer, petroleum resin and cyclic olefin copolymer; the maleimide resin is at least one of 4,4′-bismaleimido diphenylmethane, phenylmethane maleimide oligomer, N,N′-metaphenylene bismaleimide, bisphenol A biphenyl ether bismaleimide, 3,3′-dimethyl-5,5′-diethyl-4,4′-diphenylmethane bismaleimide, N,N′-(4-methyl-1,3-phenylene)bismaleimide, 1,6-bismaleimido-(2,2,4-trimethyl)hexane, 2,3-dimethylphenyl maleimide, 2,6-dimethylphenyl maleimide, N-phenyl maleimide, and the prepolymer of the abovementioned compound.
 7. A low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of claim 1, wherein the phosphorus content in the resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant is 2˜3.5 wt %.
 8. A low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of claim 1, wherein the melting point of the phosphorus-containing flame retardant is higher than 300° C.
 9. A low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of claim 1, further comprising at least one of the following additives: curing accelerator, solvent, crosslinking agent, silane coupling agent, and inorganic filler.
 10. An article made from the low dielectric resin composition with phosphorus-containing flame retardant of claim 1, the article selected from the prepregs, resin films, resin coated coppers, flexible resin coated coppers, laminates and printed circuit boards. 